NHS FPX 8002 Capella University Health Disparities Paper
NHS FPX 8002 Capella University Health Disparities
Write a 6-8-page evaluation of key aspects of a population-based health concern, including your selection of members to form an interprofessional, collaborative coalition to achieve the stated goal.
Resolving population health concerns requires the combined efforts of numerous agencies and individuals to address the Triple Aim of improving the patient experience, improving the health of populations, and reducing costs. This requires an interprofessional and collaborative effort to address the complex factors at the individual, organizational, community, and policy levels associated with the multiple factors affecting the health and well-being of our communities (Graffunder, Sakurada, & Nordisk, 2016).
As a scholar-practitioner in the field, you may be expected to develop and lead a diverse team of healthcare professionals, civic leaders, community stakeholders, constituents, community members, other interested parties, and city, state, and government agencies in addressing a wide range of issues affecting the health of diverse groups.
This assessment provides an opportunity for you to apply your leadership skills to form a collaborative, interprofessional coalition to address a population-based health concern from a nursing, public health, or health administration perspective.
Reference
Graffunder, C., Sakurada, B., & Nordisk, N. (2016). Preparing health care and public health professionals for team performance: The community as the classroom. Washington, DC: National Academy of Medicine.
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SCENARIO
Government officials are taking action to address a chronic population health concern in your area. As a member of this community, you have a good understanding of the local demographics and population health issues, including the potential implications for policymaking, health care systems, service utilization, clinical practice, education, and the workforce. In your role as a doctoral graduate and health care practitioner, you have been asked to:
- Evaluate key aspects (including the social determinants of health) of the selected population health issue from the topic list.
- Lead an interprofessional team of your choosing (a coalition of community members and organizations, clinical providers, health care organizations, and civic and governmental agencies), to achieve the coalition’s goal(s), which may include prevention efforts, quality improvement, service utilization, and the reduction of health care costs.
This leadership position requires the ability to promote prevention efforts, quality improvement, service utilization, and the reduction of healthcare costs, as well as skills in the following areas:
- Effective and ethical leadership.
- Interprofessional communication.
- Collaboration, inclusion, and applying new and existing knowledge to solve problems and inform decision-making.
PREPARATION
For this assessment, you will select one of these topics to address in the given scenario:
Topics for the paper: Demonstrating Effective Leadership
- Health Disparities/Social Determinants of Health: Focus on vulnerable or high-risk groups and on decreasing disparities between groups. You can select a specific group with a focus on the person’s experience of care, services, and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population, and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus for the coalition.
- Pandemic, e.g., COVID-19: Focus on a vulnerable or high-risk group related to population health, including the person’s experience of care, services, and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population, and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus for the coalition.
- Asthma and Children: Focus on a vulnerable or high-risk group, including the person’s experience of care, services, and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus for the coalition.
- Opioid Addiction: Focus on a vulnerable or high-risk group, including the person’s experience of care, services, and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population, and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus for the coalition.
- Obesity: Focus on a vulnerable or high-risk group, including the person’s experience of care, services, and resources (quality and satisfaction), improving the health of the population, and reducing per capita cost. This will be the focus of the coalition.
Note: Remember that you can submit all, or a portion of, your draft plan to Smarthinking Tutoring for feedback before you submit the final version for this assessment. If you plan on using this free service, be mindful of the turnaround time of 24–48 hours for receiving feedback.
INSTRUCTIONS
Evaluate key aspects of a chronic population health concern. In addition, select members for a collaborative, interprofessional coalition that you would lead to achieving the stated goal. Coalition membership can include but is not limited to, key community members and organizations, clinical providers, and local and state agencies.
Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:
Document Format and Length
Format your paper using APA style.
- Use the APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX] to help you in writing and formatting your paper. Be sure to include:
- A title page and references page. An abstract is not required.
- A running head on all pages.
- Appropriate section headings.
- Your paper should be 6–8 pages in length, not including the title page and references page.
Supporting Evidence
Cite 4–5 credible sources from peer-reviewed journals, other scholarly resources, professional industry publications, and assigned readings to support your case assessments and recommendations.
Assessment Grading
The assessment requirements outlined below correspond to the grading criteria in the scoring guide, so be sure to address each of the seven main tasks. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion in the scoring guide to see how your work will be evaluated.
- Analyze the impact of factors that contribute to this chronic population health concern.
- Examine the situation from a population health perspective.
- Provide context surrounding this concern.
- Identify the affected groups and the environmental, social, and financial factors.
- Form a collaborative, interprofessional coalition to address this chronic population health concern.
- Consider, among others, key community members and organizations, clinical providers, and local and state agencies when making your selections.
- Select 5–10 members.
- Who must be included?
- Why?
- How will member selection contribute to the goal?
- What potential issues might arise affecting interprofessional collaboration?
- What strategies are needed to optimize collaboration and communication among coalition members?
- Explain potential ethical issues that might be relevant for the coalition to consider in addressing its mission.
- Consider access to care, financial barriers, environmental constraints, and the distribution of resources.
- Explain how ethical principles would apply in particular situations on a micro or meso level.
- Micro level: individual care encounters.
- Meso level: how systems are organized to deliver and ensure quality care for patients and populations (Ho & Pinney, 2016).
- Consider ethical codes of conduct applicable across disciplines represented in your coalition.
- What evidence supports your conclusions?
- Explain the principles of diversity and inclusion applicable to the formation of your coalition and its interactions with the community.
- Consider the impact of a diverse team on achieving coalition goals.
- How would you work within the coalition to establish a culture of inclusion, respect, and value?
- How would you promote community engagement, cultural awareness, health equity, and access to resources? Resources can include but are not limited to, medications, transportation, and environmental resources.
- What are some best practices for interprofessional communication for this group?
- What evidence supports your conclusions?
- Explain how literature and research in the field can be used to develop best practices for addressing this chronic population health concern.
- Locate two current, peer-reviewed studies that coalition members should consider as foundational to developing an evidence-based intervention for the situation.
- Briefly explain how each study is relevant to the chronic population health concern.
- Organize content, so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions.
- Proofread your writing to avoid errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your evaluation.
- Apply APA style and formatting to scholarly writing.
- Apply correct APA formatting to your document, including headers, headings, spacing, and margins.
- Apply correct APA formatting to all source citations.
Portfolio Prompt: You may choose to save your evaluation to your ePortfolio.
References
Graffunder, C., Sakurada, B., & Nordisk, N. (2016). Preparing health care and public health professionals for team performance: The community as the classroom. Washington, DC: National Academy of Medicine. doi: https://doi.org/10.31478/201604b
Ho, A., & Pinney, S. (2016). Redefining ethical leadership in a 21st-century healthcare system. Healthcare Management Forum, 29(1), 39–42.
COMPETENCIES MEASURED
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:
- Competency 1: Apply interprofessional collaboration, communication, and leadership best practices to advance population health.
- Analyze the impact of factors that contribute to a chronic population health concern.
- Form a collaborative, interprofessional coalition to address a chronic population health concern.
- Competency 2: Apply professional ethics and the principles of diversity and inclusion to advance population health.
- Explain potential ethical issues that might be relevant for a healthcare coalition to consider in addressing its mission.
- Explain the principles of diversity and inclusion applicable to the formation of a healthcare coalition and its interactions with the community.
- Competency 3: Explain how scholar-practitioners function as leaders in the field of health care.
- Explain how literature and research in the field can be used to develop best practices for addressing a chronic population health concern.
- Competency 4: Produce written work that demonstrates critical thinking and application of knowledge in accordance with Capella’s writing standards.
- Organize content, so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions.
- Apply APA style and formatting to scholarly writing.
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Running Head: Ethical Principles 5
Emergency Repeat Admission Case study
Rody Zapata
Developing a Health Care Perspective
July 2023
Case Study Review Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: Your SafeAssign Score was too high. Use a draft SafeAssign for editing of future papers. Review the shaded matches in the report. When quoting the work of others, use quotation marks and citations with the page number. The other option is to rewrite using your own words. See the SafeAssign tab in the course room for additional details about SafeAssign.
The case study “Emergency Department Repeat Admissions- A Question of Resource Use” will be examined in this evaluation. County General Hospital is the subject of the case study (CGH). The case study investigates the well-worn, or rather, usage of emergency services by Central Texas residents. According to the report, nine residents have spent 2.7 million dollars on resources. (Emergency Department Repeat Admission- A Question of Resource Use, n.d.). Regular visits to the emergency room are a problem in the United States of America, as well as other countries. Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: Use: (Capella University, n.d.).
“Moral Awareness” of an Ethical Issue
Matt Losinki, the Chief Executive Officer of County General Hospital, expressed concern about the fact that more than $200,000 in income was not being received each year, blaming it on frequent visits to the Emergency Department. According to the ethical decision-making model, this is referred to as “moral consciousness.” The Chief Executive Office noticed that frequent trips to the Emergency Department were causing an increase in treatment costs, as well as crowding, longer treatment and wait times, and unhappy patients.
People who frequent the emergency room on a regular basis are those who do not believe they are in excellent condition and, as a result, require immediate medical assistance. Regular visits to the emergency room have a significant impact on health-care costs. Improvements in the quality of care will have a significant influence on regular visitors to the Emergency Department, since they will help to reduce and eliminate frequent visits. (Bieler et al., 2012; McHale et al., 2013; Morriss et al., 2012; Rea et al., 2010; Wooden, Air, Sharader, Wieland & Goldney, 2009; Wooden, Air, Sharader, Wieland & Goldney, 2009). Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: Add the matching APA references in the reference list.
Factors that contribute to the “Moral Judgement”
The Emergency Department is an extremely fast-paced department, with workers continuously on the go treating patients and making vital judgments about the best treatment plan for those who enter the department. The majority of the time, these patients go to the ER for non-emergencies. The patient may have sought medical attention from a primary care physician or even an urgent care facility.
A frequent visitor is someone who attends the Emergency Department on a regular basis, such as four or more times per year. The Emergency Department providers who treat these frequent visitors are morally and legally obligated to handle them with extreme caution, speaking to them in a way that does not offend them or expose sensitive information. Patients who attend the Emergency Department on a regular basis but do not have an emergency take time away from patients who have more critical or urgent needs. In the Emergency Department, overcrowding is a problem that might result in frequent or repeated visits. In the waiting room, patients may have to wait longer. Temporary mattresses are occasionally set up in the available spaces or in hallways with privacy screens to aid with crowding issues. Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: Well-stated.
There are a variety of reasons why someone would contemplate going to the emergency room. These frequent visitors frequently have mental health and substance addiction concerns that require more attention than an ER doctor can provide. Patients might benefit from seeing a primary care physician rather than an ER doctor whose primary focus is on delivering emergency care rather than psychiatric care.
Pediatric patients, the elderly, uninsured patients, homeless patients, and psychiatric patients are some of the most common visitors to the Emergency Department. Colds, high fevers, and respiratory problems are the most common reasons for children to attend the emergency room. Patients in their eighties and nineties frequently attend the emergency room for a number of causes, including falls, difficulty breathing, discomfort, and heart and circulatory problems. Patients who are uninsured or homeless frequently visit the Emergency Department for medical care since it is their only choice if they do not have insurance to cover the costs of the services they require. For medication refills and psychiatric holds, psychiatric patients frequently attend the Emergency Department. If the patients are not taking their medications, behaving inappropriately, making threats, or injuring themselves or others, the patients’ family or caretakers will call 911. Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: Informative details.
Communication Strategies Used and Effectiveness of Approach Used
The article was given to the Chief Financial Officer, who studied it and described the action of restitution to the spent or lost money, or rather reimbursement from insured and private pay patients, to help offset the expenditures not covered by Medicaid. The Chief Executive was unimpressed with the report and demanded information from the Administrative Resident. Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: Indent the first line of each paragraph – .5
The Chief Executive Officer was concerned about the two hundred thousand dollars per year not accounted for due to frequent visits to the Emergency Department, according to the Emergency Department use data received from the Administrative Resident, and informed the Executive Committee formally. Because of the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act, an Emergency Department that receives federal funding for services may not refuse to treat any patient who comes the Emergency Department for any reason (EMTALA). Patients who did not require emergency treatment made up the majority of regular Emergency Department visits. Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: You aptly discussed how Matt communicated in this case. You prudently discussed how Matt’s message was not readily received. As you proceed in the program, you will discover many more communication strategies that are useful and effective in healthcare communication.
Applying Ethical Principles to a Possible Solution Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: This paper successfully incorporated the three components of the ethical decision-making model to analyze the ethical problem that Matt was facing.
The Chief Executive Officer discussed alternative options with the Senior Management team regarding the problem of frequent visits to the Emergency Department. Identifying patients who are frequent visitors to the Emergency Department and developing a care plan that ensures the patients are provided appropriate care to enable them to reduce or eliminate frequent trips to the Emergency Department are examples of intervening activities. The expense of visiting the Emergency Department will be reduced as a result of fewer visits. Another way to intervene is through education. This entails informing patients about the types of illnesses that are on the verge of becoming well-known (emergent) as well as those that are not. Identifying a main care physician, mental health care providers, and providing physician recommendations for follow-up care would all help to decrease and eliminate frequent visits to the ER. In order to reduce and/or eliminate frequent visits to the Emergency Department, comprehensive or detailed discharge planning with clear discharge instructions for patient follow-up would be beneficial. Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: Good planning! Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: Your paper reasonably discussed the need for preventing Emergency Room overuse as one possible solution to the ethical dilemma.
Conclusion Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: An informative summary!
The Emergency Department is a fast-paced, or should I say, rapidly evolving workplace. The providers are always on the move, making quick judgments that necessitate critical thinking. The majority of people who visit the Emergency Department require immediate medical attention. Frequent flyers or anxious wells are the terms used to describe this group of patients. Case management for frequent Emergency Department visitors is a method that uses diagnostic testing and time spent in the Emergency Department to potentially reduce frequent visits.
Reference
Comment by Joan M. Vermillion: Only list references which have APA citations in the narrative. All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented one-half inch from the left margin. This is called hanging indentation. The APA formatting for journal articles needs corrected. Check each journal reference to see if you have included all of the required components. Here is a template. Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/yyyy Note: Title of Periodical, volume number should be italic font.
Capella University. (n.d.) Emergency Department Repeat Admissions – A Question of Resource
Use
George, Jane (12/23/2016). “Reducing frequent visits to Emergency Departments”. Aotearoa
New Zealand social work (1178-5527), 28 (4), p. 109.
Grover, Casey A (03/01/2018). “Case Management Reduces Length of Stay, Charges, and
Testing in Emergency Department Frequent Users”. The western journal of emergency
medicine (1936-900X), 19 (2), p. 238
Grover, C. A., & Close, R. J. (2009). Frequent users of the emergency department: risky
business. The western journal of emergency medicine, 10(3), 193-4.
Han, C., Chen, L., Barnard, A., Lin, C., Hsiao, Y., Liu, H., & Chang, W. (2015). Early revisit to
the emergency department: An integrative review. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 41(4),
285-295. doi: http://dx.doi.org.library.capella.edu/10.1016/j.jen.2014.11.013
Iloghalu, S., Underdahl, Louise, MSLS, M.P.A., PhD., Umeh, O. J., PhD., & Bazargan-Hejazi, S.
(2016). Understanding the role of ethics in health care administrators’ decision-making
process: A qualitative exploratory case study approach. Paper presented at the 1-2.
Retrieved from http://library.capella.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F
%2Fsearch.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F1817053331%3Faccountid%3D27965
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Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, including a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two-sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
- Weekly Participation
Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.
- APA Format and Writing Quality
Familiarize yourself with the APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
- Use of Direct Quotes
I discourage over-utilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Master’s level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
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For assignments that need to be submitted to Lopes Write, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in Loud-cloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
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The university’s policy on late assignments is a 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
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